Massachusetts boasts a rich biodiversity, and the question of whether flying squirrels call the state home is a common one among nature enthusiasts and curious residents. The answer is a resounding yes, but understanding which species, where they live, and how to spot them requires a closer look.
Identifying Massachusetts' Flying Squirrels
Massachusetts is home to two species of flying squirrels:
1. Southern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys volans):
This is the more common of the two species in the state. The southern flying squirrel is relatively small, with a body length typically ranging from 8 to 12 inches, including its bushy tail. Its fur is a soft, grayish-brown on its back, fading to a lighter color on its belly. They possess a patagium, a membrane of skin stretching between their front and hind legs, enabling them to glide between trees. These remarkable creatures are primarily nocturnal, making daytime sightings rare.
2. Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus):
The northern flying squirrel is less common in Massachusetts than its southern cousin. Slightly larger, it shares similar characteristics, including the patagium for gliding. However, its fur is generally darker, often a deep grayish-brown or even black, providing excellent camouflage in the darker forests it prefers. Like the southern flying squirrel, it is primarily nocturnal.
Where to Find Flying Squirrels in Massachusetts
Both species prefer forested habitats. Look for them in areas with:
- Mature forests: Areas with tall trees provide ideal gliding routes and nesting opportunities.
- Coniferous trees: Northern flying squirrels show a stronger preference for coniferous forests, while Southern flying squirrels are more adaptable.
- Mixed forests: A mix of deciduous and coniferous trees offer a diverse food source and habitat.
While specific locations aren't publicized to protect these shy creatures, focusing your search on state parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and larger forested areas within the state will increase your chances of observing them (though sightings remain infrequent due to their nocturnal habits).
Observing Flying Squirrels: Tips and Considerations
Seeing a flying squirrel requires patience and some understanding of their behavior:
- Nighttime observation: Your best chance of sighting a flying squirrel is at night, using a red-light flashlight to avoid disturbing their nocturnal vision.
- Listen for sounds: They may make soft chirping or chattering sounds.
- Look for evidence: Check for small holes in tree trunks or nests (dreys) constructed in tree cavities or crevices. These are made of shredded bark, leaves, and other soft materials.
- Respect their habitat: Observe from a distance and avoid disturbing their natural environment.
Misconceptions and Frequently Asked Questions
Myth: Flying squirrels actually fly.
Reality: Flying squirrels glide, not fly. They use their patagium to extend their leaps between trees, covering considerable distances but not powered flight.
Q: Are flying squirrels dangerous?
A: No, flying squirrels are not dangerous to humans. They are generally timid and avoid contact.
Q: What do flying squirrels eat?
A: Their diet primarily consists of fungi, nuts, seeds, insects, and occasionally bird eggs.
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of flying squirrels in Massachusetts. Remember that responsible observation and respect for their natural habitat are crucial for ensuring the continued presence of these fascinating creatures within the state's diverse ecosystem. Enjoy your search, but remember patience and respect are key to a successful wildlife observation experience.
